Herman farchmin



(No Model.) 2Sheet sSheet 1.

H. PARCHMIN. DOVETAILING MACHINE.

N0.'51'7,336Y. Patented Mar. 27, 1894.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.) H. FARGHMIN.

DOVBTAILING MACHINE. No. 517,836. Patented Mar. 27, 1894.

YHE NATIONAL umamurhmc canny".

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Umirsn STATES,

PATENT Orrios.

HERMAN FARCHMIN, OF GERA, GERMANY.

DOVETAlLlNG -MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 517,336, dated March 2'7, 1894.

Application filed M619, 1893.

. full, clear, and exact description.

My invention has relation to dovetailing machines, and it has for itsobject to provide such a machine which will be simple and durable inconstruction and efficient and economical in operation, and theinvention consists in the novel construction, arrangement andcombination of parts as hereinafter fully described, illustrated in theaccompanying drawings and pointed out in the appended claims.

In said drawingsz Figure l is a front elevation, partly in section of myimproved machine. Fig. 2 is a side view partly in section. Fig. 3 is aplan View; Fig. 4. a plan View of the clamping device. Figs. 5, to 9,are detail views illustrating the manner of producing the dovetails bymeans of the diiferent'sets of cutters. Fig. 10 is a sectional view ofthe table, shaft and saw. Fig. 11 is a. like View showing the cutters ofdifferent construction as combined with the shaft.

I would state that in myimproved machine, which isadapted to producedovetails in a series of boards at the same time,which boards areemployed for manufacturing chests and boxes with dovetailed edges, twosets of cutting tools are employed, the tools of one set being all ofthe same diameter, while those of the other set have a successivelyincreasing diameter. The first set is employed when the plate is workedparallel to the shaft and incisions of equal depth are to be made, whichenter the board parallel to its axis but obliquely to its broad surfaceor face, and take away what has been left between two of the obliquecuts. The second set serves for making grooves perpendicular to thefaceof the board but oblique to its axis. In this case the table isobliquely adjusted and the tools of differ- ,ent size make it possibletoget incisions of equal depth. There is a third form of incis-' ionthough'it would be of no use in the com- Serial No. 478,150- (No model.)

mon dovetail joints, viz. incisions which onter the board obliquely toboth its axis and its face. These incisions may also be made by thismachine, as it would be only necessary to adjust the table obliquely andconduct the boards obliquely across the cutting tools.

In order that my invention may be more clearly understood, I will nowdescribe the same in detail having reference to the accompanyingdrawings.

l is the tool-shaft which is carried in bear ings 2 and 3; the journalcarried by bearing 3 is less in diameter than the other part of theshaft so that the latter can easily be removed toward the right hand inFig. 2. The cutting tools or saws at are arranged side by side on theshaft 1 each tool being separated from the others by collars 5; at oneend the tools are held in place by an adjusting collar 6 and they areadjusted with the intermedi ate collars 5 on the shaft bya nut 20screwed on the shaft. In this manner the tools of unequal diameter canbe easily removed and the tools of equal diametersubstituted. Careshould be taken that in arranging thicker or thinner intermediatecollars 5 the right distance between the shaping tools is always kept.It might be more convenient to arrange the sets of tools atpredetermined distances on a sleeve which would be put on the shaft 1 sothat only the sleeves need be removed when a new set of tools isrequired. The set of shaping tools of unequal diameter is of course onlysuitablefor acertain oblique position of the plate or board, but thiswill commonly be sufficient; in the other case it is of course necessaryto have two sets of tools. The cutting surfaces of the tools of unequaldiameters must, corresponding with the'oblique position of the board, beat an angle with the shaft (see Fig. 11) which shows above the shaft oneof the shaping tools 4 of a set of unequal diameter and below it one ofthe shaping tools 4 of a set of equal diameter. The table 7 is providedat its under side with recesses which are entered by screws IOO thefirst adjustment the depth of the cut is regulated; the secondadjustment serves for regulating the obliqueness of the out according toFigs. 5 and 6. Slotted quadrants 9 which are jointed to the table 7 andwingnutted screws 10 serve to fix the table in the required position.The tools pass through openings in the table which when desired may becomposed of a series of bars or a grid so that narrow slits for theshaping disks are formed.

At this point it maybe mentioned that the machine can also be employedas a circular saw, in which case the opening in the table is covered insuch a manner that onlya narrow slit for the saw-blade 11 is left (Fig.10).

The boards are put into a frame and guided in the following manner:-12are long screwclamps into which several boards 13 to be out are put. Twopairs of such screw clamps are employed in such a manner that each clampis situated opposite the other in the same plane. The back of each clampis provided with a planed rib 14 which is preferably of a dovetailedcross section (see Fig. 2). By means of these ribs the clamps are guidedin grooves in the supports 15, which can be re ciprocated on the table 7and can be adjusted by screws or bolts 18 and tightening nuts, saidbolts being guided in slits 18. The boards 13 can be put into the clampsrectangularly or obliquely to the back of the clamps 12. It is necessaryto put them obliquely into the clamps when the boards are to beconducted obliquely across the tools (Figs. 8 and 9). In this casewedge-shaped pieces 19 are employed one of which is arranged in onecorner of the clamps 12 while the other is operated by the set-screw.

The mode of operation of the machine is as follows: A number of boardsare screwed together by means of the screw-clamps 12, the table 7 isobliquely adjusted and a set of tools 4 of unequal size is put on theshaft 1. The boards are then, in the manner shown in Figs. 5 and 6,moved twice across the tools, first one end of the boards and then theother. .By thus operating the cuts shown in Fig. 6 are obtained. Thenthe tools of unequal size are removed and those of equal sizesubstituted, and the table 7 is put straight. The boards are then firstguided in a straight line across the tools so that the latter take awaythe material which has been left between the two cuts when broadincisions are made. Then the boards which are to be joinedare obliquelyput into the clamps in the manner shown in Fig. 4 and twice guidedacross the tools as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Thus are obtained dovetailswhich exactly fit each other.

hat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with a supporting frame, of a horizontally-arrangedcutter shaft journaled in said frame, a series of cutters adjustably andremovably mounted upon said shaft and projecting above the upper face ofthe frame, vertically-arranged screws working in the frame at oppositesides of the cutters, a table supported upon the upper ends of thescrews and adapted to be adjusted thereby to different positions asdescribed, uprights carried by said table and having groovesextendinglongitudinally of the table and parallel to the cutters, aclamping device provided with ribs engaging within the grooves andadapted to be moved therein, a quadrant having its upper end jointed tothe table and provided with a curved slot at its opposite end, andscrew-bolt carried, by the frame passing through said slot and providedwith a tightening nut for securing the table in its adjusted positions,as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination with a supporting frame, of a horizontally-arrangedcutter shaft journaled in said frame, a series of cutters adjustably andremovably mounted upon said shaft and projecting above the upper face ofthe frame, vertically-arranged screws working in the frame at oppositesides of the cutters, a table supported upon theupper ends of the screwsand adapted to be adjusted thereby to different positions as described,a quadrant having its upper end jointed to the table and provided with acurved slot at its opposite end, a screw bolt carried by the frame andpassing through the said slot and provided with a tightening nut forsecuring the table in its adjusted positions uprights carried by saidtable and having grooves extending longitudinally of the table andparallel to the cutters,and a clamping device comprising the oppositelyarranged separate rectangular sections 12, screw rods working within theends of said sections and adapted to clamp the boards to be out withinthe sections, ribs formed on the outer face of the sections andextending longitudinally thereof, said ribs engaging within the groovesin the uprights, for the purpose specified.

3. The combination with a supporting frame, of a horizontally-arrangedcutter shaft, journaled in said frame, a series of cutters adj ustablyand re movably mounted upon said shaft and projecting above the upperface of the frame, vertically-arranged screws work ing in the frame atopposite sides of the cutters, a table supported upon the upper ends ofthe screws and adapted to be adjusted thereby to different positions asdescribed, a quadrant having its upper end jointed to the table andprovided with a curved slot at its opposite end, a screwbolt carried bythe frame and passing through the slot and provided with a tighteningnut for securing the table in its adjusted positions, uprights carriedby said table and having grooves extending longitudinally of the tableand parallel to the cutters, slots in the table transversely thereof,adjusting bolts working in said slots and having tightening nuts andadapted to adjust the uprights transversely of the table and at rightangles to the cutters, and a clamping device provided with ribs engagingwithin the grooves of the uprights and adapted to be moved therein, asand for the purpose specified.

' In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signedmy name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HERMAN FARCHMIN.

Witnesses:

FR. OSCAR RUDIGER, KARL HUHN.

